JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA

Konservasi Kupu-Kupu Penting Sebagai Penyerbuk di Kampung Wisata Isyo Hills Rhepang Muaif Nimbokrang, Kabupaten Jayapura

Evie L. Warikar — 2024-04-01

Butterflies are an important example of pollinating insects of the Order Lepidoptera. The presence of butterfly pollinating insects in nature is highly dependent or influenced by the availability of flowering plants visited in the ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to determine the diversity and abundance of butterfly pollinator in flowering plants. A direct survey method (visual) with a radius of ± 100-250 m² was done with scan sampling technique. Parameters measured were the abundance and the species richness of butterflies visited flowering plants as well as the species richness of flowering plants visited by butterflies pollinator. The data obtained were analyzed using the the Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H’). The results showed that at study sites in secondary forest habitats and yards, 25 species of butterfly pollinators were found consisting of 5 families with 308 individuals. Nine species of flowering plants visited by butterfly pollinators. The Jatropha integerrima was the most visited by butterfly pollinators with 11 species, followed by Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and Ixora coccinea (9 species), Clerodendron paniculatum (6 species), Mussaenda ralateensis (4 species), Bidens pilosa and Celosia argentea (3 species), Zinnia elegans visited by 2 species and Portulaca oleracea visited by 1 species of butterfly pollinators. Based on the calculation, the value of Shannon-Wiener index (H') is 2.946, which indicates that the level of diversity of butterfly pollinators in the medium category.

Analisis Fitokimia Daun Gaharu (Aquilaria microcarpa) Sebagai Produk Teh Celup Asal Keerom, Papua

Supeni Sufaati — 2024-04-05

This study explores the phytochemical composition and antioxidant potential of Agarwood (Aquilaria microcarpa) leaves from Keerom, utilized in tea bags. Phytochemical analysis of ethanol extracts revealed flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids/triterpenoids, tannin gallate, and saponins. Total phenol content measured at 1.31 g GAE/100 grams, with total flavonoids at 210 mg QE/100 grams. The extract demonstrated robust antioxidant activity with an AAI value of 1.23, surpassing ascorbic acid (AAI value of 13.37). Mangiferin and quercetin were identified among the compounds in the leaves, highlighting their potential health benefits.

Potensi Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Batang Jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba (Roxb) Miq.) Sebagai Antiinflamasi

Nur F. Bakri — 2024-04-05

This study investigates the anti-inflammatory properties of an ethanol extract from Jabon plant stem bark in male mice using the Rat Hind Paw Edema method. Twenty-five male mice were divided into five groups: negative control (Na-CMC 1%), positive control (mefenamic acid), and three groups receiving the extract at doses of 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 200 mg/kg. Measurements were taken every 30 minutes for three hours using a plethysmometer. Analysis with one-way ANOVA and Duncan's test revealed significant anti-inflammatory effects for all doses, with the most effective being 100 mg/kg, showing 93.42% inhibition. The results suggest Jabon plant extract as a promising anti-inflammatory agent.

Length-Weight Relationship and Condition Factor of Introduced Red Devil Cichlid Amphilophus labiatus, in Lake Sentani, Indonesia

Henderite L. Ohee — 2024-04-05

Papua’s freshwater ecosystems in the western part of New Guinea have begun to record widespread introductions of invasive species over the past decade. This lake's most dominant and common exotic species is Amphilophus labiatus (Günther, 1864). A study was conducted to document the length-weight relationship and condition factor of these fish in Lake Sentani. From June to August 2019, fish were caught using floating gillnets at six locations around the lake. Total length (TL) (mm), body depth (mm), and body weight (grams) were measured, and condition factor based on gender, body weight, and body length were observed in 345 fish, including 264 males and 81 males. The growth pattern of A. labiatus is positively allometric, with b values ranging from 3.19 to 3. 20 and coefficients of determination (r²) ranging from 0.84 to 0.87. Although the average body length of A. labiatus males was shorter than females, condition factor (CF) values were not significantly different between the sexes and ranged from 0. 64 to 2.03 (0.97 ± 1.17, mean ± SD). For males, it went from 0.67 to 1.19 (0.94 ± 0.13 mean ± SD). However, monthly CF data show a significant decrease in CF in August, suggesting that spawning events occur in late July or early August. A. labiatus grows well and colonizes habitats throughout Lake Sentani.

Analisis Status Gizi Anak Balita di Kota Jayapura

Agnes S. Rahayu — 2024-04-05

This descriptive study investigates the nutritional status of toddlers at Tanjung Ria Health Center in 2023. It emphasizes the critical importance of proper nutrition during the toddler years, as this period significantly impacts physical, mental, and behavioral development. Factors such as environmental sanitation, parental employment, and education influence nutritional status. The study includes 471 toddlers from Tanjung Ria's Integrated Service Post program. Findings show that most toddlers exhibit normal/good nutritional status, with 51% being male and the majority aged 0-12 months. Anthropometric data reveals 77% normal weight/age, 83% normal height/age, and 79% good weight/height ratios. While most toddlers fare well, a minority exhibit poor or at-risk nutritional status.

Keragaman Pepaya (Carica papaya L.) di Kotamadya Pontianak Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi

Elvi R.P. Wardoyo — 2024-04-05

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is a plant that is widely cultivated in Indonesia. Pontianak City is one of the centers for the production of papaya cultivation, with a production of 12,593 tons in 2019. This study aims to determine the diversity and kinship of papaya in Pontianak City based on its morphological characters. The research was conducted from September to October 2021 in Pontianak City. A total of 32 individuals were sampled from six districts using the cruising method. Consanguinity was analyzed on 28 morphological characters using the UPGMA method with the NTSYS ver. 2.0. The results indicated that the 32 papaya accessions exhibited a similarity coefficient value of 0.35, which represents a 35% level of similarity. The papaya plants in Pontianak City exhibited a low level of similarity but a high level of diversity.

Identifikasi Bahan dan Pembuatan Noken Tas Tradisional Serat Kayu Pada Masyarakat Lokal Kampung Rhepang Muaif, Distrik Nimbokrang Kabupaten Jayapura

Henderina J. Keiluhu — 2024-04-05

Local people in Rhepang Muaif Village, Nimbokrang District, Jayapura Regency usually use forest tree bark of three species, especially Dakwab wood, as raw material for noken, Papuan traditional woven bags. This study aimed to 1) scientifically identify the species of trees used for noken, 2) describe how to process fiber as a raw material, and 3) reveal the source of natural dyes used. Data collection was carried out using survey method, semi-structured interviews and participant observation. The result shows that in Rhepang Muaif, some species are used as raw material for noken, mainly species of Dakwab tree (Grewia paniculata). Dakwab fibers are generally coloured with natural dyes derived from Merei plant (Bixa orellana) for red colour and turmeric (Curcuma domestica) for yellow colour. The process of utilizing Dakwab bark as a noken fiber material starts from debarking the tree, stripping the bark, then washing, drying, and making the fiber from tree bark, later colouring if necessary and finally woving or knitting the fiber to become the bag.

Kajian Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Kayu Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) dan Pemanfaatannya Pada Udang Vannamei (Liptopenaeus vannamei) Segar

Eka Z. Sastiani — 2024-04-05

Vannamei shrimp (Liptopenaeus vannamei) is a prominent fishery commodity due to its high consumption demand. However, susceptibility to bacterial damage and quality deterioration poses challenges. This study investigates the antibacterial potential of sappan wood extract in preserving shrimp shelf life. The research explores optimal extraction parameters, including solvent type and maceration duration, to assess yield percentage and antibacterial efficacy against Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp., and Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Utilizing a Complete Randomized Block Design (CRBD) in two phases, the study identifies 90% ethanol solvent and 6 hours maceration (P4M6) as the most effective treatment, yielding 7.32%. The extract addition significantly reduces shrimp microbial count, highlighting its potential in food preservation.

Respon Pertumbuhan dan Toleransi Kalus Talinum paniculatum terhadap Cekaman Logam Berat Krom (Cr)

Ratih Restiani — 2024-04-05

The escalating chromium (Cr) heavy metal contamination necessitates effective remediation strategies like phytoremediation. Selecting chromium-tolerant plant species is crucial for successful phytoremediation, achievable through in vitro culture to induce somaclonal variations with resistance traits. Talinum paniculatum, an ornamental plant with robust roots and stress resilience, is a promising candidate for chromium tolerance studies. This research assesses T. paniculatum callus response to chromium stress, focusing on growth and tolerance indices. Results demonstrate the callus's resilience to increasing Cr concentrations, reflected in biomass increase (0.117–0.150 g) and a high tolerance index (TI) of 77.78–100%. Structural integrity and color remained stable throughout the study period, underscoring T. paniculatum's potential for chromium phytoremediation.

Antibacterial Potential of West Kalimantan Local Bajakah (Spatholobus suberectus) Ethanol Extract Against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Laili F. Yeni — 2024-04-05

The primary factor contributing to bacterial resistance is the overutilization of antibiotics caused by Staphylococcus aureus ATCC25923. The prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains possess a significant challenge in both clinical and community environments. Consequently, there is a need to investigate alternative antibacterial sources derived from natural ingredients and local traditional medicines. One such potential source is bajakah Jie Xue Teng (Spatholobus suberectus). The available data on the active component composition and antibacterial efficacy of the ethanol extract derived from bajakah (S. suberectus) in the West Kalimantan region is currently insufficient. The objective of this study is to evaluate the phytochemical composition and antibacterial properties of the ethanol extract derived from bajakah (S. suberectus), a plant species indigenous to West Kalimantan. The antimicrobial activity of the extract will be tested against two bacterial strains, namely S. aureus and MRSA, using in vitro methods. This study employs experimental techniques and is comprised of two distinct phases. The first phase involves conducting a phytochemical test on the ethanol extract of bajakah stem, utilizing the Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method. The second phase involves evaluating the antibacterial properties of the ethanol extract of bajakah stem against S. aureus and MRSA, employing the paper disc diffusion method. The research findings indicate that the bajakah ethanol extract derived from S. suberectus, a plant indigenous of West Kalimantan, possesses alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and steroids. The optimal antibacterial efficacy is observed at a concentration of 1,000,000 ppm, resulting in an inhibition zone diameter of 9 mm against S. aureus and 10 mm against MRSA.