Hubungan Senyawa Metabolit Pada Tanaman Meliaceae Terhadap Tingkat Serangan Hypsipyla robusta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.1514Abstract
This study aims to determine the relationship of metabolite compounds in meliaceae plants to the preference of Hypsipyla sp. This research was conducted at the Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi State University, Manado BALITKA Laboratory, Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Gorontalo and sending samples to the Pharmacy Laboratory of Sendai Japan to see the NMR structure. This study was designed in a Latin square design with 5 treatments and 5 replications. The total number of plants in all treatments was 250 plants. The determination of secondary metabolites was carried out in five stages, namely: 1) sample collection and processing, 2) extraction, 3) purification, 4) phytochemical test, 5) identification of compounds using UV-Vis and IR spectrophotometers. The sample materials used were dry samples of langsat, duku, mindi, and mahogany leaves consisting of large mahogany and small mahogany. The results of phytochemical screening on samples of lansium, duku, chinaberry, large mahogany and small mahogany in the n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water fractions showed positive results for flavonoids and steroids, while for alkaloids, terpenoids and saponins showed negative results. The results of the analysis showed that small mahogany plants contained high starch content of 43.72 g/mL, high fat content of small mahogany plants of 24.15% and high protein content of Langsat plants of 9.01 g/mL. The level of preference Hypsipyla sp prefers small mahogany plants compared to other plants. The number of mahogany stomata compared to other plants regulates the rate of evaporation in which will also release secondary metabolic compounds as attractants to attract insects to plants. The main flavonoid groups in mahogany are Quercetin 3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside, Quercetin 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside. Â
Key words: phytochemicals; plant metabolites; quercetin; mahogany; Hypsipyla sp.
Downloads
References
Achmad, S.A. 1986. Kimia Organik Bahan Alam. Penerbit Karnunika. Jakarta.
Agrawal, A.A., and D.A. Spiller. 2004. Polymorphic buttonwood: Effects of disturbance on resistance to herbivores in green and silver morphs of a Bahamian shrub. American Journal of Botany. 91(12): 1990-1997.
Ahmad. 1996. Plant basal resistance: genetics, biochemistry and impacts on plant-biotic interactions. Department of Biological Chemistry and Crop Protection, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts, AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom and was funded by the UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) Institute Career Path Fellowship (grant no. BB/E023959/1).
Astuti S, Mimi SAM, Retno ABM and Awalludin. 2011. Determination of saponin compound from Anredera cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis (Binahong) to potential treatment for several deseases. Journal of Agricultural Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education. 3(4): 224 -232.
Behmer, 2006. Insect sterol nutrition and physiology: A global verview. Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK; phthiraptera.info/Publications/47192.pdf
Binyameen, M. 2013. Olfactory mechanisms of host selection in phytophagous insects behavior, neuron, and receptor. [Doctoral Thesis]. Faculty of Landscape Planning, Horticulture and Agricultural Science Department of Plant Protection Biology Alnarp.
Chang, C.C., M.H. Yang, H.M. Wen, and J.C. Hern. 2002. Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis. 10: 178-182.
Chou, 2004. Biochemical interactions among plants: Allelopathy as ecosystem regulator. www.eolss.net/sample-chapters/ c03/e6-54-10-05.pdf.
Dalin, P., J. Ågren, C. Bjorkman, P. Huttunen, K. Kärkkäinen. 2008. Leaf trichome formation and plant resistance to herbivory. In: Schaller A (ed) Induced plant resistance to herbivory. Springer, Berlin. pp: 89–105.
Dent, D. 1991. Insect pest management. C.A.B. International. 213-292.
Ernawita. 2008. Bioassay guided fraction and identification of antioxidant and antimicrobial compound from Callestemon viminalis (Gaeten) G.don. [Thesis of Master Science] School of Biology Sciences. Universiti Sains Malaysia, pp 10-20.
Hadiyanti, N., dan Mariyono. 2019. Kajian pengaruh tingkat cekaman kekeringan terhadap karakteristik morfologis kumis kucing (Orthosiphon aristatus (Blume) Miq.) Agrinika. 3(1): 58–68.
Harborne, J.B. 1987. Metode fitokimia, penuntun cara modern menganalisis tumbuhan. Terjemahan K. Padmawinata dan I. Soediro. ITB, Bandung.
Hauxwell, C., C. Vargas, and E.O. Frimpong. 2001. Entomopathogens for control of Hypsipyla robusta. Proceedings of an International Workshop held at Kandy, Sri Lanka 20–23 August 1996. pp. 3 - 6. ACIAR Proceedings No. 97, pp: 189.
Howard, F.W., and R.M. Giblin-Davis. 1997. Insects on palms. CABI Publishing CABI Publishing CAB International 10 E 40th Street. sphinxsai. com/2016/ch_vol9_no1/1/(38-46)V9N1CT.pdf.
Husaini, E., N. Kasno, Heneda, dan O. Rachmatsjah. 2006. Pengantar hama hutan di Indonesia. Departemen Silvikultur Fakultas Kehutanan Institute Pertanian Bogor.
Irwanto, 2006. Penilaian kesehatan hutan tegakan jati (Tectona grandis) dan eucalyptus (Eucalyptus pellita) pada kawasan hutan Wanagama. [Bahan Ajar]. Universitas Gadjah Mada. Jogjakarta. naturehealthy.webs.com/ kesehatan _hutan.pdf
Iskandar, S. 2006. The efforts to against the forest invasive species in Indonesia. A raview. Country Paper. Presented to the workshop on development of a strategy for the Asia-pacific forest invasive species network, Dehradun, India, 16 April 2006. Forest and Nature Conservation Research and Development Center Ministry of Forestry, Republic of Indonesia. apfisn.net/sites/default/ files/Indonasia.
Lenny, S. 2006. Senyawa terpenoid dan steroid. Department Kimia, Fakultas Mathematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan. Hal: 10-17.
Rachmatsjah, O., and F.R. Wylie. 2001. Hypsipyla shoot borers of Meliaceae in Indonesia. Proceedings of an International Workshop. Sri Lanka, 20–23 August 1996. pp. 31-32.
Resi, A.W., dan A. Surgani. 2009. Flavonoida (Quercetin) dalam Makalah Kimia Organik, Program S.2. Kimia.Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. Universitas Hassanudin Indonesia. Hal: 4–7.
Sands, D.P.A., and S.T. Murphy. 2001. Prospects for biological control of Hypsipyla robusta with insect agents. Proceedings of an International Workshop. Sri Lanka, 20–23 August 1996. pp.: 3–6.
Shono, K., and L.K. Snook. 2006. Growth of big-leaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) in natural forests in Belize. Journal of Tropical Forest Science. 19(1): 66–73
Wonorahardjo, S.2013. Metode-metode pemisahan kimia. Permata Puri Media. Jakarta.
