Struktur Vegetasi dan Nilai Ekonomi Hutan Mangrove Teluk Youtefa, Kota Jayapura, Papua
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31957/jbp.445Abstract
Increasing population may result in excessive changes of land use and natural resource utilization. Local communities of mangrove forest areas have been dependent heavily on forest conditions to survive. Conversion of forest to development requirements is apparently to affect the structure and income of local communities who live traditionally in the region. The purpose of the study is to understand the structure of mangrove forest vegetation and changes of people's income depending their live on mangrove forests in the Bay of Youtefa, Jayapura. Sampling method was purposive sampling of respondents and mangrove vegetation analysis was conducted using line transect method. The plot size were 10 x 10 m2; 5 x 5 m2; and 2 x 2 m2 used for viewing the ecological importance valua index (IVI) of tree, stake and seedling. The results showed that there were 10 known species of mangrove dominated by Rhizophora apiculata, R. mucronata and R. stylosa respectively. R. mucronata dominated the area and has the highest importance value index (IVI) level. Development structure including means of transportation (flying bridge) have a major impact on the local community Increasing economic losses. There is a decrease of direct income of communities as much as 2.05 billion per year (from 5.65 billion to 3.61 billion per year).
Key words: mangrove ecosystem, vegetation structure, economic value, Jayapura.
Downloads
References
Aksornkoal, S. 1993. Ecology and management of mangroves. IUCN, Bangkok.
Alfian. M. 2004. Valuasi ekonomi konversi hutan mangrove untuk budidaya tambak di Kecamatan Tinanggea Sulawesi Tenggara [Thesis]. Bogor; Sekolah Pascasarjana. Intitut Pertanian Bogor. 170 hal.
Arsyad, 1999. Keberadaan ekosistem mangrove sebagai penopang perekonomian.
Barbour, M.G., J.H. Burk., and W.P. Pitts. 1987. Terrestrial plant ecology. The Benjamin/Cumming Publishing Company Ins, California.
Chapman, V.J. (Ed). 1977. Wet coastal ecosystems. Ecosystems of the World: I. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, 428 hal.
Indriyanto. 2006. Ekologi hutan. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara. Jakarta.
Jarisetouw, Y.M.G. 2005. Analisa degradasi hutan mangrove pada kawasan wisata Teluk Youtefa Kota Jayapura. [Skripsi] Universitas Negeri Papua. Manokwari.
Kusmana, C. 2012. Management of mangrove ecosystem in Indonesia. Presented in Workshop on Mangrove Re-plantation and Coastal Ecosystem Rehabilitation, Faculty of Forestry, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. 7 February 2012.
Kustanti, A. 2011. Manajemen hutan mangrove. Penerbit IPB Press. Bogor.
Mulia, F. dan L. Sumardjani. 2001. Hutan tanaman mangrove: Prospek masa depan kehutanan indonesia. Paper untuk Kongres Kehutanan Indonesia III. Jakarta, 25-28 Oktober 2001.
Ningsih, S.S. 2008. Inventarisasi hutan mangrove sebagai bagian dari upaya pengelolaan wilayah pesisir Kabupaten Deli Serdang. [Tesis]. Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Oktawati, N. 2008. Analisis eksternalitas pada pemanfaatan ekosistem mangrove di Kecamatan Muara Badak Provinsi Kalimantan Timur [Tesis]. Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda.
Onrizal dan C. Kusmana. 2008. Studi Ekologi Hutan Mangrove di Pantai Timur Sumatera Utara. Biodiversitas. 9(1): 25–29.
Onrizal. 2008. Panduan pengenalan dan analisis vegetasi hutan mangrove. Bahan kuliah. Praktek Pengenalan dan Pengelolaan Hutan pada Departemen Kehutanan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Onrizal. 2010. Perubahan tutupan hutan mangrove di pantai timur Sumatera Utara Periode 1977–2006. J. Biol. Indon. 6(2): 163–172.
Picaulima, S.M., N.V. Huliselan, D. Sahetapy, dan J. Abrahamsz. 2011. Pengelolaan ekosistem mangrove berbasis ekonomi sumberdaya dan lingkungan di negeri Rutong, Kota Ambon. Ichthyos. 10(1): 49–56.
Pramudji dan L.H. Purnomo. 2003. Manggrove sebagai tanaman penghijauan pantai. Pusat Penelitian Oseanografi LIPI, Jakarta : 1–6.
Pratiwi, R. 2009. Komposisi Keberadaan Krustasea di Mangrove Delta Mahakam Kalimantan Timur. Makara Sains. 13: 65–76.
Pursetyo, K.T., W. Tjahjaningsih dan S. Andriyono. 2013. Analisis potensi Sonneratia sp. di wilayah pesisir pantai timur Surabaya melalui pendekatan ekologi dan sosial-ekonomi. Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 5(2): 129–137.
Savitri, L. A. dan M. Khazali. 1999. Pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan wilayah pesisir. PSKPL-IPB. Bogor.
Supardjo, M.N. 2008. Identifikasi vegetasi mangrove di Segoro Anak Selatan, Taman Nasional Alas Purwo, Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur. Jurnal Saintek Perikanan. 3(2): 9–15.
Supriyadi, H.I. dan S. Wouthuyzen. 2005. Penilaian ekonomi sumberdaya Mangrove di Teluk Kotania, Seram Barat, Provinsi Maluku. Oseanologi dan Limnologi di Indonesia. 38 : 1–2.
Suwoyo, H.S. 2011. Kajian kualitas air pada budidaya kerapu macan (Epinephelus tuscoguttatus) sistem tumpangsari di aeral mangrove. Berkala Perikanan Terubuk. 39(2): 25–40.
Tebay, S., S.R. Zain., dan V. Sabariah. 2007. Potensi sumberdaya Teluk Youtefa berkelanjutan berbasis masyarakat di Kota Jayapura. Penerbit Pemerintah Kota Jayapura.
Tomlinson, P.B. 1986. The Botany of Mangroves. Cambridge University
Press. Cambridge, U.K., 419 hal.
Zaitunah, A. 2005. Meninjau keberadaan hutan mangrove di Indonesia. [Disertasi]. SPS IPB. Bogor.
